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	<title>Comments on: Arctic Report Card</title>
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	<link>http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2012/12/10/arctic-report-card/?src=earthmatters-rss</link>
	<description>Earth is an amazing planet, and the one that matters most to us. Let’s have a conversation about it.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Wed, 01 May 2013 01:19:52 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: Bob Mulligan</title>
		<link>http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2012/12/10/arctic-report-card/#comment-11598</link>
		<dc:creator>Bob Mulligan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jan 2013 14:15:16 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[It is my understanding that the sun has increased in temperature since 1855. How has this effected global temperatures and weather. What is this &#039;rate&#039; of increase? Has this increase affected other planets?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is my understanding that the sun has increased in temperature since 1855. How has this effected global temperatures and weather. What is this &#8216;rate&#8217; of increase? Has this increase affected other planets?</p>
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		<title>By: Hella</title>
		<link>http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2012/12/10/arctic-report-card/#comment-11414</link>
		<dc:creator>Hella</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Dec 2012 19:16:13 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[A coming ice age would on average mean lower temperatures, which would in turn show quite the opposite of what is described above: larger sea ice extent, less melting, less phytoplankton blooms. So the answer is: the events described above are caused by an increase in temperature, not a coming ice age. Since this temperature increase is not only observed as an anomaly for this year, but already over decades, it is not a weather phenomenon, but a climate phenomenon. This climate phenomenon of increasing temperatures is strong in the Arctic, but actually seen globally, hence the term &quot;global warming&quot;. By the way: most of the warming we cause by greenhouse gases is absorbed by the oceans.
Best regards,
Hella

some literature:
- Barnett et al., 2005, Science, &quot;Penetration of human-induced warming into the world&#039;s oceans&quot;
- Harries et al., 2001, Nature, &quot;Increases in greenhouse forcing inferred from the outgoing long-wave radiation spectra of the earth in 1970 and 1997&quot;
- Crowley et al., 2000, Science, &quot;Causes of climate change over the past 1000 years&quot;
- Lean et al., 1995, Geophysical Research Letters, &quot;Reconstruction of solar irradiance since 1610: implications for climate change&quot;
- IPCC Assessment Report 4 (2007): more than 90% of warming goes into the oceans https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch5s5-2-2-3.html
- and a link discussing ANTarctic sea ice gain and land ice loss http://www.skepticalscience.com/antarctica-gaining-ice-intermediate.htm]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A coming ice age would on average mean lower temperatures, which would in turn show quite the opposite of what is described above: larger sea ice extent, less melting, less phytoplankton blooms. So the answer is: the events described above are caused by an increase in temperature, not a coming ice age. Since this temperature increase is not only observed as an anomaly for this year, but already over decades, it is not a weather phenomenon, but a climate phenomenon. This climate phenomenon of increasing temperatures is strong in the Arctic, but actually seen globally, hence the term &#8220;global warming&#8221;. By the way: most of the warming we cause by greenhouse gases is absorbed by the oceans.<br />
Best regards,<br />
Hella</p>
<p>some literature:<br />
- Barnett et al., 2005, Science, &#8220;Penetration of human-induced warming into the world&#8217;s oceans&#8221;<br />
- Harries et al., 2001, Nature, &#8220;Increases in greenhouse forcing inferred from the outgoing long-wave radiation spectra of the earth in 1970 and 1997&#8243;<br />
- Crowley et al., 2000, Science, &#8220;Causes of climate change over the past 1000 years&#8221;<br />
- Lean et al., 1995, Geophysical Research Letters, &#8220;Reconstruction of solar irradiance since 1610: implications for climate change&#8221;<br />
- IPCC Assessment Report 4 (2007): more than 90% of warming goes into the oceans <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch5s5-2-2-3.html" rel="nofollow">https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch5s5-2-2-3.html</a><br />
- and a link discussing ANTarctic sea ice gain and land ice loss <a href="http://www.skepticalscience.com/antarctica-gaining-ice-intermediate.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.skepticalscience.com/antarctica-gaining-ice-intermediate.htm</a></p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: wieslaw</title>
		<link>http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2012/12/10/arctic-report-card/#comment-11412</link>
		<dc:creator>wieslaw</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2012 11:15:35 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Is the context of the events in the Arctic showing the coming global warming or the opposite (ice age)? Which of these phenomena will be more dangerous for the Earth?

Best regards]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Is the context of the events in the Arctic showing the coming global warming or the opposite (ice age)? Which of these phenomena will be more dangerous for the Earth?</p>
<p>Best regards</p>
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